Elisabeth of Henneberg, daughter of Berthold VII, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen
Frederick II the Serious (German: Friedrich II. der Ernsthafte) (30 November 1310 in Gotha – 18 November 1349 at the Wartburg),Margrave of Meissen, son of Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen and Elisabeth von Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk.
Matilde of Bavaria (aft. 21 June 1313 – 2 July 1346) Meißen) was the eldest daughter of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica. Matilde was a member of the House of Wittelsbach.
Duke Stephen II of Bavaria (1319 – 13 May 1375, Landshut) (German: Stephan II mit der Hafte, Herzog von Bayern), after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of theWittelsbach dynasty.
Elisabeth of Sicily (1310–1349) was a daughter of Frederick III of Sicily and Eleanor of Anjou. Her siblings included: Peter II of Sicily and Manfred of Athens. She is also known as Isabel of Aragon.
Magnus (1324–1373), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin: Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily,Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbentdiocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle), and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde and forced him to sign his resignation.
Wartislaw VI of Pomarania (1345 – 13 June 1394) was a member of the House of Griffins. From 1365 to 1377, he ruledPomerania-Wolgast jointly with his brother Bogislaw VI. From 1377 until his death, he was the sole ruler of Pomerania-Barth.
He was the eldest son of the Duke Barnim IV of Pomerania-Wolgast-Rügen and his wife, Sophie of Werle.
Edzard Cirksena Von Greetsiel
Born to Enno Cirksena Von Greetsiel and Adda Von Groothusen. Edzard Cirksena married Doda Tom Brock and had a child. He passed away on 1406.
Doda Tom Brock Born to Keno Tom Brock.
Focko Ukena (Neermoor, 1360[1] or 1370 – 1435) was an East Frisian chieftain (hovetling) who played an important part in the struggle between the Vetkopers and Schieringersin the provinces of Groningen and Friesland. Aside from this he was one of the leading figures in the resistance against the forts of stately authority in East-Frisia of the tom Brokfamily.
Ocko I tom Brok (de Broke) (about 1345–1389) followed his father Keno I tom Brok as chieftain of the Brokmerland and theAuricherland in East Frisia, a former territory on Germany's North Sea coast.
Foelke Kampana (1355 – c. 1418), also known as Foelke the Cruel, was a Frisian noble. She served as regent for the Frisian territoriesOldeborg, Brokmerland, Auricherland and Emsigerland in East Frisia in 1400 during the absence of her son Keno II and in 1417 during the minority of her grandson Ocko II.
Born in Hinte, Foelke was the daughter of Frisian Kempo von Hinte, chief of Westerburg van Hinte, and married in 1377 to Frisian knightOcko I tom Brok (d. 1389), lord of Oldeborg,
Conrad IV, Count of Rietberg (c. 1371 – 21 June 1428) was Count of Rietberg from 1389 until his death.
He was the son of Count Otto II of Rietberg and his wife Adelheid of Lippe. He inherited the County of Rietberg when his father died on 18 July 1389.
Gumprecht II of Neuenahr (c. 1400 – 9 March 1484) was a German nobleman. He inherited the County of Limburg via his wife.
Gumprecht was the son of Gumprecht I of Neuenahr (c. 1370 – c. 1430) and his wife Countess Philippa of Loon-Heinsberg (c. 1370– c. 1430)
Nicholas II of Tecklenburg († 1426) was the ruling Count of Tecklenburg from 1388 until his death.
Nicholas II was the only son of Count Otto VI and his wife, Adelaide of Lippe, a daughter of Bernard V, Lord of Lippe.
Eric I, Count of Hoya (1370-1426) was a German nobleman. He was the ruling Count of Upper Hoya from 1377 until his death.
Eric was the son of Count John II and his wife Helen, a daughter of Duke Eric I of Saxe-Lauenburg. His brother, John was Bishop ofPaderborn from 1394 to 1399 and Bishop of Hildesheim from 1399 to 1424. His brother Otto was Bishop of Münster from 1392 to 1424, and from 1410 to 1424 also administrator of Osnabrück
Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg (1354 – 21 June 1411 or 1412) was a son of Eric II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg and Agnes of Holstein.
Sophia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1358–28 May 1416), daughter of Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Frederick I, the Belligerent or the Warlike (German: Friedrich der Streitbare; 11 April 1370 – 4 January 1428), a member of theHouse of Wettin, ruled as Margrave of Meissen from 1407 and Elector of Saxony (as Frederick I) from 1423 until his death.
He is not to be confused with his cousin Landgrave Frederick IV of Thuringia, the son of Landgrave Balthasar.
He was the eldest son of Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia, and Catherine of Henneberg. After the death of his uncle William I, Margrave of Meissen in 1407, he governed the Margraviate of Meissen together with his brother William II as well as with his cousinFrederick IV (son of Balthasar), until their possessions were divided in 1410 and 1415.
Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1395 – 28 December 1442, Grimma) was a member of the House of Welf, a princess ofBrunswick-Lüneburg and by marriage, the Electress of Saxony.
Catherine was the only daughter and second child of the Duke Henry I of Brunswick-Lüneburg († 1416) from his first marriage to Sophie († June 1400), daughter of Duke Wartislaw VI of Pomerania.
William (German: Wilhelm) KG (c. 1392 – 1482), called the Victorious, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He is counted either asWilliam III or William IV.
William was the eldest son of Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He inherited Lüneburg-Celle in 1416 and swapped it with his uncle Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, for Wolfenbüttel in 1428. While on a campaign in 1432, William was deposed by his brother Henry. William retained only the western part of Wolfenbüttel (to the west of the River Leine and separated from the rest by the Bishopric of Hildesheim), which was to become known as the Principality of Calenberg. After Henry died without son in 1473, William had control of both parts of Wolfenbüttel again.
Cecilia of Brandenburg (c. 1405 – 4 January 1449) was a princess of Brandenburg by birth and by marriage a Duchess ofBrunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
Cecilia was the daughter of Elector Frederick I of Brandenburg (1371–1440) from his marriage to Elizabeth (1383–1442), daughter of Duke Frederick of Bavaria-Landshut. Cecilia's brothers were the reigning Electors of Brandenburg, first Frederick II and later Albrecht III Achilles.
Count Bodo VII of Stolberg and Wernigerode (also known as Bodo the Elder; born: 1375; died: 15 March 1455 in Stolberg) was a German nobleman. He ruled the counties of Stolberg in the southern Harz and Wernigerode in the northern Harz.
Bodo was the son of Count Henry of Stolberg and Elizabeth née Countess of Hohenstein. Nothing is known about his youth. Perhaps he spent some time at a court of the Counts of Schwarzburg, possibly the one in the Sondershausen.
Anna, the daughter of Count Henry of Schwarzburg
Duke Wartislaw IX of Pomerania-Wolgast (c. 1400 – 17 April 1457, Wolgast) was the eldest son of the Duke Barnim VI, Duke of Pomerania and Veronica. Europaische Stammtafaln does not cite an origin for Veronica.[1]
Bogusław IX; (1407/1410 – 7 December 1446) was a duke of Pomerania in Pomerania-Stolp, whose residence was Stargard. His cousin Eric of Pomerania tried in vain to have him recognized as King of the Kalmar Union.
Bogusław was the son of Bogislaw VIII, Duke of Pomerania, and Sophia of Holstein. On June 24, 1432 in Poznan he married Maria of Masovia, daughter of Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia and Alexandra of Lithuania.[1] They had daughters, Sophia, who married Eric II, Duke of Pomerania, and Alexandra, and at least one of unknown name.[2]
Maria of Masovia (pl: Maria mazowiecka; 1408/15 - 14 February 1454), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch.
She was the sixth daughter of Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia and Alexandra, a daughter of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and sister of King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland.
Conrad I of Oldenburg (German: Konrad I. von Oldenburg; died 1367) was the Count of Oldenburg from 1344 to 1367. He succeeded his brother, John III of Oldenburg.
He was the son of John II of Oldenburg and Hedwig of Diepholz.
Count Henry II of Holstein-Rendsburg (nickname Iron Henry; c. 1317 – c. 1384) was count of Holstein-Rendsburg and pledge lord of Southern Schleswig. He ruled jointly with his younger brother, Count Nicholas (d. 1397).
Henry was the elder son of Count Gerhard III and Sophia of Werle. Henry was a major European player as a mercenary leader and a typical representative of the late medieval knighthood. He fought in Italy, Russia, Estonia and France. He served in the English and Swedish armies. In 1367, he was commander of a fleet of the Hanseatic League and in 1368, he conquered Copenhagen. Count Henry II and his brother Nicholas vigorously defended their claims in Holstein and Schleswig, against Denmark and against the Frisians.
Ingeborg of Mecklenburg (1343/45[1] – 25 July 1395) was a daughter of Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg and his wife, Euphemia of Sweden. Euphemia was a daughter of Ingeborg of Norway, who was the only legitimate child of King Haakon V of Norway. Thus, Ingeborg of Mecklenburg was Haakon V's great-granddaughter.
Magnus (1324–1373), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin: Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily,Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbentdiocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle), and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde and forced him to sign his resignation.
Catherine, daughter of Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
Otto VI, Count of Tecklenburg (died 1388) was the only son of Count Nicholas I and his wife, Helena of Oldenburg-Wildeshausen-Alt-Bruchhausen. In 1367, he succeeded his father as count of Tecklenburg-Ibbenbüren and count of Lingen and Cloppenburg. In 1376, he became pledge holder of Iburg.
Frederick III of Moers (1354 – 12 May 1417) was a German nobleman. He was Count of Moers by inheritance and Count of Saarwerden by jure uxoris.[1]
Frederick was the son of Count Dietrich IV of Moers and his wife Elisabeth of Zuilen, heiress of Baër. He succeeded his father as Count of Moers in 1372, at the age of 17, and ruled the county for the next 45 years.
Walburga (sometimes spelled Walburgis), the daughter of John II of Saarwerden and his wife Clara of Vinstingen
John II 1345-1377 Hoya Otto II 1290-1324
Helen, a daughter of Duke Eric I of Saxe-Lauenburg.
Magnus (1324–1373), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin: Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily,Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbentdiocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle), and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde and forced him to sign his resignation.
Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg, nicknamed the Lion (after 14 April 1266 – 21 January 1329 in Sternberg) was regent ofMecklenburg from 1287 to 1298, co-regent from 1298 to 1302 and ruled alone again from 1302 to 1329.
He was the son of Henry I and reigned from 1287 to 1289 together with his brother John III. During his father's absence (his father had been taken prisoner while on a crusade) from 1275 to 1302, Mecklenburg was ruled by his mother Anastasia jointly with Henry's uncles Nicholas III (until 1290) and John II(until 1283). In 1287, Henry II became co-regent with his mother and uncle. When his father died in 1302, Henry II became Lord of Mecklenburg.
Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg (died between 25 June 1327 and 9 August 1328), the daughter of Duke Albert II of Saxe-Wittenberg.
Eric Magnusson (1282–1318) was a Swedish prince, Duke of Svealand, Södermanland, Dalsland, Västergötland, Värmland and North Halland and heir to the throne of Sweden. He was the father of King Magnus who became king of both Norway and Sweden.[1]
Ingeborg of Norway (Duchess Ingeborg, Old Norse Ingibjörg Hákonardóttir, Swedish Ingeborg Håkansdotter, NorwegianIngebjørg Håkonsdatter; 1301 – 17 June 1361), was a Norwegian and by marriage Swedish princess and royal duchess with a position in the regency governments in Norway (1319–27) and Sweden (1319–26). In 1318-1319 she was Sweden's first de factofemale ruler[1] and her position subsequently equalled that of an undeclared queen mother for over 40 years.[2] In 1319-1326, she was Sweden's first de jure female regent.
Ingeborg was born as the only legitimate daughter of King Håkon V of Norway from his marriage with Euphemia of Rügen. As a child, she was first betrothed to Magnus Birgerson, the son and designated heir of King Birger I of Sweden. Soon afterwards the engagement was however broken for altered political reasons, and in 1305 she was betrothed to Eric, Duke of Södermanland, a younger brother of king Birger of Sweden, thus uncle of her first betrothed. In 1312, Ingeborg and Eric were formally married in a double wedding in Oslo; at the same time, her cousin Ingeborg Eriksdottir of Norway, married Eric's brother duke Valdemar Magnusson. At her wedding, her mother queen Euphemia had published the recently translated (by her command) famous poems, the Euphemia songs. The couple had two children before Duke Eric was murdered.
Wartislaw IV or Vartislav IV (before 1290 – 1 August 1326) was Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1309 until his death. He was the only son of Duke Bogislaw IV of Pomerania and his wife Margareta, a daughter of Vitslav II, Prince of Rügen. Vartislaw IV had four sisters: Jutta, Elisabeth, Margareta and Eufemia.
Vartislaw IV married Elisabeth, a daughter of Count Ulrich I of Lindow-Ruppin; they had three sons: Bogislav V, Barnim IV andVartislaw V.
John II, Lord of Werle[-Güstrow] nicknamed The Bald (after 1250 – 27 August 1337), was from 1309 to 1316 co-regent of Werleand from 1316 to 1337 Lord of Werle-Güstrow. He was the second eldest son of John I of Werle and Sophie of Lindow-Ruppin.
Mechtild (born: c. 1295; died: between 24 October 1333 and 14 March 1344), a daughter of Duke Henry I of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.
Eric I of Saxe-Lauenburg (c.1280–1360) was a son of John I, Duke of Saxony, and Ingeborg Birgersdotter of Småland (*ca. 1253–30 June 1302*, Mölln), a daughter or grandchild of Birger jarl. He ruled Saxony jointly with his uncle Albert II and his brothers Albert III and John II, first fostered by Albert II, until coming of age. In 1296 Eric, his brothers and their uncle divided Saxony into Saxe-Wittenberg, ruled by Albert II, and Saxe-Lauenburg, jointly ruled by the brothers between 1296 and 1303 and thereafter partitioned among them. Eric then ruled the branch duchy of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg until 1338.
Elisabeth of Pomerania (*1291–after 16 October 1349*), daughter of Bogislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania
John III of Holstein-Plön (ca. 1297–1359), called John the Mild, was a Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Plön and Holstein-Kiel, ruling Holstein-Plön (1312–1316 and again 1350–1359) and Holstein-Kiel (1316–1359). Together with Count Gerhard III of Holstein-Rendsburg John III was the lord ruling in guardianship the Danish Duchy of Schleswig 1332–1340. He was known as “John the Mild”.
He was the son of Count Gerhard II the Blind of Holstein-Plön and of the Danish Queen Dowager Agnes of Brandenburg, a fact that made him a half-brother of Eric VI and Christopher II. In 1312 John and his brother Gerhard IV succeeded their father as co-ruling counts of Holstein-Plön. In 1316 John III inherited Holstein-Kiel from his father's cousin John II the One-Eyed and thus left Holstein-Plön for his brother Gerhard IV as sole ruler. A wealthy man by inheritance John very early acted as a powerful local prince funding Danish warfare and co-operating with his cousin Gerhard III.
Catherine (c. 1300-1323), widow of John V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel and daughter of Matilda of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel) and Henry III, Duke of Silesia-Glogau
Magnus I (1304–1369), called the Pious (Latin Pius), was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
The son of Albert the Fat, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Magnus was still a minor when his father died in 1318; he and his brotherErnest were put under the guardianship of their elder brother Otto, who continued as sole ruler even after his brothers came of age. After marrying Sophia, a niece of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Magnus was appointed margrave of Landsberg and count palatine of Saxony by the Emperor in 1333. Magnus took residence at Sangerhausen. When Otto died in 1344, Magnus and Ernest jointly took over government of the state; but already on 17 April 1345, they agreed to divide the territory. Magnus received thePrincipality of Wolfenbüttel.
Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (died 20 August 1348) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.
He was the eldest son of Bernhard II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Helene, daughter of Wizlaw II, Prince of Rügen.
Agnes (ca. 1310 – 4 January 1338), daughter of Rudolph I, Elector of Saxony and Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg. Her paternal grandmother and namesake Agnes of Habsburg was a daughter of Rudolph I, King of the Romans
Frederick IV of Nuremberg (1287–1332) from the House of Hohenzollern was Burgrave of Nuremberg from 1300 to 1332. He was the younger son of Burgrave Frederick III from his second marriage with the Ascanian princess Helene, daughter of Duke Albert I of Saxony.
Berthold VII, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen (nicknamed the Wise, born: 1272 in Schleusingen; died: 13 April 1340, ibid.) was Count of Henneberg- Schleusingen from 1284 to 1340. He was the son of Count Berthold V of Henneberg-Schleusingen (d. 1284) and his wife Sophie of Schwarzburg (d. 1279), the daughter of Count Günther VII of Schwarzburg. He was confirmed asImperial Prince by Emperor Henry VI in 1310.
Frederick I, called the Brave or the Bitten (German Friedrich der Freidige or Friedrich der Gebissene; 1257 – 16 November 1323) was margrave of Meissen and landgrave of Thuringia.
Born in Eisenach, Frederick was the son of Albert the Degenerate and Margaret of Germany. According to legend, his mother, fleeing her philandering husband in 1270, was overcome by the pain of parting and bit Frederick on the cheek: therefore he became known as the Bitten.
Louis IV (German: Ludwig; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.
Louis IV was Duke of Upper Bavaria from 1294/1301 together with his elder brother Rudolf I, served as Margrave of Brandenburguntil 1323, as Count Palatine of the Rhine until 1329, and he became Duke of Lower Bavaria in 1340. He obtained the titles Count ofHainaut, Holland, Zeeland, and Friesland in 1345 when his wife Margaret inherited them.
Louis was born in Munich, the son of Louis II, Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Matilda, a daughter of King Rudolph I.
Beatrice of Silesia (also known as Beatrice of Świdnica; Polish: Beatrycze Świdnicka, German: Beatrix von Schweidnitz ; 1290 – 25 August 1322), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Silesian branch of Jawor-Świdnica and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria and German Queen.
She was the second daughter of Bolko I the Strict, Duke of Jawor-Świdnica, by his wife Beatrice, daughter of Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel.[1][2]
Stefano Visconti (c.1287-4 July 1327) was a member of the House of Visconti that ruled Milan from the 14th to the 15th century. He was the son of Matteo I Visconti.
Valentina Doria
Mastino II della Scala (1308 – June 3, 1351) was lord of Verona. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.
He was the son of Alboino I della Scala and Beatrice da Correggio. At the death of Cangrande I, he and his brother Alberto II were associated in the rule of Verona. Soon, however, Mastino's independent attitude overshadowed the brother's presence. In the first part of his reign, abandoning the careful policy of balance held by his father, he conquered Brescia (1332), Parma (1335) in Lombardy and Lucca (1335) in Tuscany.
Taddea da Carrara (daughter of Jacopo I of Padua) and Anna Gradenigo (daughter of Pietro Gradenigo).
Barnim IV of Pomerania (1325 – 22 August 1365) was a Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast-Rügen.
He was the second son of Duke WartislawIV of Pomerania-Wolgast and the brother of Bogislaw V and Wartislaw V.
John I, Duke of Mecklenburg [-Stargard] (1326 - 9 August 1392/9 February 1393), was from 1344 to 1352 Duke of Mecklenburgfrom 1344 to 1352 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Stargard from 1352 to 1392.
He was probably the youngest child from the second marriage of Lord Henry II "the Lion" of Mecklenburg and Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg, a daughter of Duke Albert II of Saxe-Wittenberg.
Wartislaw IV or Vartislav IV (before 1290 – 1 August 1326) was Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1309 until his death. He was the only son of Duke Bogislaw IV of Pomerania and his wife Margareta, a daughter of Vitslav II, Prince of Rügen. Vartislaw IV had four sisters: Jutta, Elisabeth, Margareta and Eufemia.
Ernest I of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (German: Ernst I., Fürst von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen ; c. 1297 – 9 March 1361) wasPrince of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.
He was the son of Henry I, the Admirable and his wife Agnes, née Countess of Meissen. Henry the Admirable founded the Principality of Grubenhagen in 1291, after the Guelph princes had divided their inheritance. Ernest originally intended to follow a spiritual career, but after his father's death, he and his brothers Henry II and William jointly ruled the principality.
Adelheid of Everstein-Polle (died after 29 September 1373), daughter of Count Henry II of Eberstein.
Gerhard III of Holstein-Rendsburg (c. 1292 – 1 April 1340), sometimes called Gerhard the Great, and in Denmark also known asCount Gert or den kullede greve ("the bald count"), was a German prince who ruled Schauenburg and Holstein-Rendsburg and during the interregnum of 1332–40 also a large part of Denmark.
His father was Henry I, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg (c. 1258 – 5 August 1304). Gerhard inherited his part of the county of Holstein as a boy but already as a young man he enlarged his heritage by manoeuvring out his relatives and his conquest of other parts of Holstein made him a powerful local prince. In these years he also acted as a paid condottiere for neighbouring kings which made him a mortgagee of for instance King Eric VI of Denmark. He often worked together with his Holstein cousin Count John III, Count of Holstein-Plön.
Sophia of Werle, the daughter of Nicholas II of Werle and Richeza, the daughter of Eric V of Denmark;
Albert II (Albrecht II) Duke of Mecklenburg (c. 1318 – 18 February 1379) was a feudal lord in Northern Germany on the shores of the Baltic Sea. He reigned as the head of the House of Mecklenburg. His princely seat was located in Schwerin beginning in the 1350s.
Albert was born in Schwerin as the second (but eldest surviving) son of Lord Henry II of Mecklenburg (c. 1266-1329), Lord ofStargard (Stari Gard), of the old Vendic princely clan of the Obotrites, and his second wife Princess Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg (d. 1327), of the princely Ascanian House.
Euphemia of Sweden (Swedish: Eufemia Eriksdotter; 1317 – 16 June 1370) was a Swedish princess, spouse of Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg, Duchess consort of Mecklenburg, heiress of Sweden and of Norway, and mother of King Albert of Sweden.
Euphemia was born in 1317 to Eric of Sweden (b. c. 1282, murdered 1318), Duke of Södermanland, second son of King Magnus I of Sweden, and Princess Ingeborg of Norway (1301 – c. 1360), the heiress and the only legitimate daughter of King Haakon V of Norway, whose hereditary Kingdom of Norway thus became the inheritance of Euphemia and her brothers.
Trojden I (1284/86[1] – 13 March 1341), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duke of Czersk since 1310, ruler overWarsaw and Liw since 1313, regent of Płock during 1336–1340.
He was the second son of Bolesław II of Płock and his first wife Gaudemantė (Sophia), the daughter of Grand Duke Traidenis ofLithuania. He was named after his maternal grandfather.
Maria of Galicia (before 1293- 11 January 1341) was a princess of Galicia-Volhynia and a member of the Rurik Dynasty. She was sister to Leo II of Halych and Andrew of Halych, daughter of George I of Halych. She assisted her husband king Boleslaus George II of Halych in ruling Galici
Nicholas II of Opava (also: Nicholas II of Troppau, Nicholas II of Ratibór; Czech: Mikuláš II. Opavský; 1288 – 8 December 1365) was Duke of Opava (German: Troppau) from 1318 to 1365 and Duke of Ratibór from 1337 to 1365 and Burgrave of Kladsko(German: Glatz) from 1350 to 1365 and also chamberlain of the Kingdom of Bohemia.
Nicholas II of Opava was a member of the Opava branch of the Bohemian noble Přemyslovci family. His parents were DukeNicholas I of Opava, who had held Opava since 1269, and Adelheid of Habsburg, a niece of King Rudolf I.
Anna (died around 1340), a daughter of Duke Przemysław of Racibórz
Gediminas (c.1275 – December 1341), was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316[1][2] until his death. He is credited with founding this political entity and expanding its territory which, at the time of his death, spanned the area ranging from the Baltic Seato the Black Sea.[3][4] Also seen as one of the most significant individuals in early Lithuanian history, he was responsible for both building Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, and establishing a dynasty that can be traced to other European monarchies such asPoland, Hungary and Bohemia. Butvydas (?)
Jewna (Belarusian: Еўна, Lithuanian: Jaunė, literally, young woman; died ca. 1344) was daughter of Prince Ivan of Polatsk and wife of Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania,Ruthenia and Samogitia (1316–1341). She is mentioned in written sources only once – the Bychowiec Chronicle, a late and unreliable source. Therefore some historians cast a serious doubt on her existence, but modern reference works still widely cite her as the ancestress of the Gediminids dynasty.
There are considerable doubts about how many wives Gediminas had. The Bychowiec Chronicle mentions three wives: Vida from Courland, Olga from Smolensk, and Jewna.[1]Some modern historians suggest that Gediminas had two wives, one from local pagan nobles, and Jewna, an Orthodox. S. C. Rowell claims that Gediminas had only one wife, an unknown pagan duchess. He argues that an important marriage to a Ruthenian or Polish princess like Jewna would have been noted in contemporary sources.[2]
The Bychowiec Chronicle mentions that after Jewna's death, brothers Algirdas and Kęstutis became displeased with Jaunutis, whom Gediminas chose as his heir. Soon they deposed Jaunutis. This episode is interpreted that weak Jaunutis was protected by his mother. If such interpretation was accurate, then it would testify the power and influence ofqueen mother in pagan Lithuania.[3]
Grand Prince Alexander or Aleksandr Mikhailovich (Russian: Александр Михайлович Тверской; 7 October 1301 – 29 October 1339) was a Prince of Tver as Alexander I and Grand Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal as Alexander II.
Aleksandr was a second son of Prince Mikhail of Tver by his wife, Anna of Kashin. As a young man, his appanages included Kholmand Mikulin. In 1322, he continued the Tver princes' opposition to the rise of Moscow when he rather spectacularly waylaid Grand Prince Yury of Moscow (who had schemed against Aleksandr's father to gain the yarlyk or patent of office from the khan of theGolden Horde, the Mongol kingdom which ruled Russia and much of central Asia in the 13th and 14th centuries) as Yury journeyed with the tribute[to whom?] from Novgorod to Moscow.[1]
Enrique de Brunswick-Lüneburg (del latín Henricus, murió el 14 de octubre 1416), duque de Brunswick-Lüneburg, llamado Enrique el Apacible, fue príncipe de Lüneburgdesde 1388 a 1409, junto con su hermano Bernardo I de Brunswick-Lüneburg, desde 1400 hasta 1409 fue también príncipe de Wolfenbüttel, y desde 1409 hasta su muerte, el único príncipe de Lüneburg.
Era el cuarto hijo de Magnus II de Brunswick-Lüneburg. Él participó en la persecución de los asesinos de su hermano Federico de Brunswick-Lüneburg, rey electo de los romanos, después de 1400. Enrique asoló el Eichsfeld, una posesión del arzobispo de Maguncia, quien era sospechoso de estar involucrado en el asesinato. Sólo en 1405, se ratificó una paz entre Brunswick-Lüneburg y el Arzobispado.
Alberto I, duque de Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbeck
Agnes de Brunswick
† c. 21.03.1410
Otto I, duque de Brunswick-Göttingen
Margarethe von Jülich
John II of Oldenburg (German: Johann II. von Oldenburg; died c. 1314 or 1316) was Count of Oldenburg from 1275 until around 1301.
He was the son of Christian III, Count of Oldenburg and Hedwig von Oldenburg in Wildeshausen.[1] John married twice. His first marriage was to Elisabeth, the daughter of John, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg and Liutgard von Holstein-Itzehoe. His second marriage was to Countess Hedwig of Diepholz.[2]
Hedwig of Diepholz
Gerhard IV (c. 1277 – 1323), was Count Holstein-Plön from 1312 until his death.
He was the eldest son of Gerhard II and his wife, Ingeborg of Sweden. He inherited Holstein-Plön; on 7 June 1314, he sold most of his inheritance to his brother John III.
Gerhard III of Holstein-Rendsburg (c. 1292 – 1 April 1340), sometimes called Gerhard the Great, and in Denmark also known asCount Gert or den kullede greve ("the bald count"), was a German prince who ruled Schauenburg and Holstein-Rendsburg and during the interregnum of 1332–40 also a large part of Denmark.
His father was Henry I, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg (c. 1258 – 5 August 1304). Gerhard inherited his part of the county of Holstein as a boy but already as a young man he enlarged his heritage by manoeuvring out his relatives and his conquest of other parts of Holstein made him a powerful local prince. In these years he also acted as a paid condottiere for neighbouring kings which made him a mortgagee of for instance King Eric VI of Denmark. He often worked together with his Holstein cousin Count John III, Count of Holstein-Plön.
Sophia of Werle, the daughter of Nicholas II of Werle and Richeza, the daughter of Eric V of Denmark
Magnus I (1304–1369), called the Pious (Latin Pius), was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
The son of Albert the Fat, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Magnus was still a minor when his father died in 1318; he and his brotherErnest were put under the guardianship of their elder brother Otto, who continued as sole ruler even after his brothers came of age. After marrying Sophia, a niece of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Magnus was appointed margrave of Landsberg and count palatine of Saxony by the Emperor in 1333. Magnus took residence at Sangerhausen. When Otto died in 1344, Magnus and Ernest jointly took over government of the state; but already on 17 April 1345, they agreed to divide the territory. Magnus received thePrincipality of Wolfenbüttel.
Sophia of Brandenburg-Stendal (1300-1356) was a daughter of Margrave Henry I (1256–1318) and his wife Agnes of Bavaria(1276–1345).
Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (died 20 August 1348) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.
He was the eldest son of Bernhard II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Helene, daughter of Wizlaw II, Prince of Rügen.
Agnes (ca. 1310 – 4 January 1338), daughter of Rudolph I, Elector of Saxony and Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg. Her paternal grandmother and namesake Agnes of Habsburg was a daughter of Rudolph I, King of the Romans.
Eric I of Saxe-Lauenburg (c.1280–1360) was a son of John I, Duke of Saxony, and Ingeborg Birgersdotter of Småland (*ca. 1253–30 June 1302*, Mölln), a daughter or grandchild of Birger jarl. He ruled Saxony jointly with his uncle Albert II and his brothers Albert III and John II, first fostered by Albert II, until coming of age. In 1296 Eric, his brothers and their uncle divided Saxony into Saxe-Wittenberg, ruled by Albert II, and Saxe-Lauenburg, jointly ruled by the brothers between 1296 and 1303 and thereafter partitioned among them. Eric then ruled the branch duchy of Saxe-Ratzeburg-Lauenburg until 1338.
John III of Holstein-Plön (ca. 1297–1359), called John the Mild, was a Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Plön and Holstein-Kiel, ruling Holstein-Plön (1312–1316 and again 1350–1359) and Holstein-Kiel (1316–1359). Together with Count Gerhard III of Holstein-Rendsburg John III was the lord ruling in guardianship the Danish Duchy of Schleswig 1332–1340. He was known as “John the Mild”.
He was the son of Count Gerhard II the Blind of Holstein-Plön and of the Danish Queen Dowager Agnes of Brandenburg, a fact that made him a half-brother of Eric VI and Christopher II. In 1312 John and his brother Gerhard IV succeeded their father as co-ruling counts of Holstein-Plön. In 1316 John III inherited Holstein-Kiel from his father's cousin John II the One-Eyed and thus left Holstein-Plön for his brother Gerhard IV as sole ruler. A wealthy man by inheritance John very early acted as a powerful local prince funding Danish warfare and co-operating with his cousin Gerhard III.
Catherine (c. 1300-1323), widow of John V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel and daughter of Matilda of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel) and Henry III, Duke of Silesia-Glogau
Frederick II the Serious (German: Friedrich II. der Ernsthafte) (30 November 1310 in Gotha – 18 November 1349 at the Wartburg),Margrave of Meissen, son of Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen and Elisabeth von Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk.
Matilde of Bavaria (aft. 21 June 1313 – 2 July 1346) Meißen) was the eldest daughter of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica. Matilde was a member of the House of Wittelsbach.
Heinrich VIII, count of Henneberg
Heinrich VIII, Graf von Henneberg
Judith of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Judith von Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Magnus (1324–1373), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin: Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily,Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbentdiocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle), and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde and forced him to sign his resignation.
Wartislaw VI of Pomarania (1345 – 13 June 1394) was a member of the House of Griffins. From 1365 to 1377, he ruledPomerania-Wolgast jointly with his brother Bogislaw VI. From 1377 until his death, he was the sole ruler of Pomerania-Barth.
He was the eldest son of the Duke Barnim IV of Pomerania-Wolgast-Rügen and his wife, Sophie of Werle.
Erich II. von Sachsen-Lauenburg (* 1318/1320; † 1368) war 1338 bis 1368 Herzog von Sachsen-Lauenburg.
Erich war der Sohn von Herzog Erich I. von Sachsen-Lauenburg († 1361) und der Elisabeth von Pommern († 1349).
Agnes von Holstein († 1386), Herzogin von Sachsen-Lauenburg, begraben im Ratzeburger Dom, war die Tochter des Grafen Johann III. von Holstein-Kiel († 1359) und der Katharina († 1327), Tochter des Herzogs Heinrich III. von Glogau.
Magnus II. Torquatus, Herzog zu Braunschweig-Lüneburg (* 1324; † 25. Juli 1373 bei Leveste) aus dem Geschlecht der Welfen war von 1369 bis zu seinem Tode 1373 Fürst von Lüneburg und Fürst von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.
Katharina von Anhalt-Bernburg
Bogislaw V (Polish: Bogusław, Latin: Bogislaus) (c. 1318 – 23 April 1374) was a Duke of Pomerania.[1]
Eldest son of Duke Wartislaw IV and Elisabeth of Lindow-Ruppin, Bogislaw had two brothers, Barnim IV and Wartislaw V. The brothers were joint rulers from their father's death in 1326. They allied with King Casimir III of Poland, whose daughter Elisabethmarried Bogislaw, against the Teutonic Order. Elisabeth died in 1361; in 1362 Bogislaw married Adelheid Welf, daughter of Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.
e Adelheid of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. She was a daughter of Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen and Adelheid of Everstein.
Count Henry II of Holstein-Rendsburg (nickname Iron Henry; c. 1317 – c. 1384) was count of Holstein-Rendsburg and pledge lord of Southern Schleswig. He ruled jointly with his younger brother, Count Nicholas (d. 1397).
Henry was the elder son of Count Gerhard III and Sophia of Werle. Henry was a major European player as a mercenary leader and a typical representative of the late medieval knighthood. He fought in Italy, Russia, Estonia and France. He served in the English and Swedish armies. In 1367, he was commander of a fleet of the Hanseatic League and in 1368, he conquered Copenhagen. Count Henry II and his brother Nicholas vigorously defended their claims in Holstein and Schleswig, against Denmark and against the Frisians.
Ingeborg of Mecklenburg (1343/45[1] – 25 July 1395) was a daughter of Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg and his wife, Euphemia of Sweden. Euphemia was a daughter of Ingeborg of Norway, who was the only legitimate child of King Haakon V of Norway. Thus, Ingeborg of Mecklenburg was Haakon V's great-granddaughter.
Siemowit III of Masovia (his name also rendered Ziemowit; c. 1320 – 1381) was a prince of Masovia and a co-regent (with his brother Casimir I of Warsaw) of the lands of Warsaw, Czersk, Rawa, Gostynin and other parts of Masovia.
Siemowit was the second son of Trojden I of Masovia and his wife Maria, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia.
Euphemia, daughter of Nicholas II of Opava
Algirdas (Belarusian: Альгерд', Russian: Ольгерд, Polish: Olgierd, name on his personal seal (Cyrillic Script) Олгер equals toHolger) (c. 1296 – May 1377) was a monarch of medieval Lithuania. He ruled the Lithuanians and Ruthenians from 1345 to 1377. With the help of his brother Kęstutis (who defended the western border of the Duchy) he created an empire stretching from the present Baltic states to the Black Sea and to within fifty miles of Moscow.
Algirdas was one of the seven sons of Grand Prince Gediminas. Before his death in 1341, Gediminas divided his domain, leaving his youngest son Jaunutis in possession of the capital, Vilnius. With the aid of his brother, Kęstutis, Algirdas drove out the incompetent Jaunutis and declared himself Grand Prince in 1345. He devoted the next thirty-two years to the development and expansion of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Uliana Alexandrovna of Tver (Russian: Ульяна Александровна Тверская; c. 1325[1] – 17 March 1391)[2] was a daughter of PrinceAlexander of Tver and Anastasia of Halych (daughter of Yuri I of Galicia). She was the second wife of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania.[3]
Federico di Ansbach e Bayreuth, conosciuto anche coi nomi di Federico I o Federico V (Ansbach, 8 maggio 1460 – Ansbach, 4 aprile 1536), era figlio maggiore del margravio Alberto III di Brandeburgo e della sua seconda moglie, Anna, figlia di Federico II di Sassonia.
Alberto IV di Wittelsbach (Monaco di Baviera, 15 dicembre 1447 – Monaco di Baviera, 18 marzo 1508) fu duca di Baviera-Monaco dal 1467 e duca della Baviera riunita dal 1503.
Alberto era figlio di Alberto III di Baviera e di Anna di Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbec
Count Henry VI of Waldeck, nicknamed of Iron, (c. 1340 – 16 February 1397 at Waldeck Castle) was Count of Waldeck from 1369 to 1397. The nickname of Iron refers to the fact that, due to his involvement in numerous wars and feud, he was often wearing armour. Although he was only the third reigning Count named Henry, he is generally known as Henry VI, because there had earlier been non-ruling counts named Henry II, Henry III and Henry V.
His father was Count Otto II; his mother was Matilda of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Before coming to power in 1356, Henry made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. After his return, he hadLandau Castle rebuilt. He lived there at first, however, he later moved to Waldeck Castle.
Walram II, Graf von Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein Adolf I, Graf von Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idsteiny Margarethe von Nürnberg, Gräfin von Nassau-Wiesbaden
Berchta von Westerburg Johann I, Graf von Westerburg yKunigunde von Sayn, Gräfin zu Westerburg
John I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg (German: Johann I. von Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch: Jan I van Nassau-Dillenburg; c. 1340 – 4 September 1416, Keppel) was a Count of Nassau in Siegen and Dillenburg. He was a son of Count Otto II of Nassau and Aleyda, Countess of Vianden.[1]
Margareta of the Marck on 30 November 1357. She was the daughter of Adolph II of the Marck and Margareta of Cleves.
John III of Wassenaer, Lord of Polanen (1340 – 10 August 1394) was Lord of Polanen (a heerlijkheid south of Monster). The Lords of Polanen were a branch of the House of Wassenaer. He held extensive possessions besides the fief of Polanen.
He was the eldest son of John II (c. 1324 – 1378), from his first marriage to Oda of Horne (1318-1353). In 1353, his father inherited the extensive possessions of William of Duivenvoorde and in the same year, he purchased the Barony of Breda from the Duke ofBrabant. When John II died in 1378, John III inherited most of these possessions.
Countess Oda of Salm-Ravenstein (1370-1428).
Federico II de Sajonia, conocido como el Apacible (en alemán Friedrich der Sanftmütige) (Leipzig, 22 de agosto de 1412 - Leipzig,7 de septiembre de 1464), fue un noble alemán, elector de Sajonia (1428-1464), conde Palatino de Sajonia (1428-1464), duque de Sajonia-Wittenberg (1428-1464) y Landgrave de Turingia (1440-1445).
Fueron sus padres Federico I de Sajonia y Catalina de Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Jorge de Podiebrad (en checo: Jiří z Poděbrad, en húngaro: Podjebrád György, Poděbrad, 6 de abril de 1420 - Praga, 22 de marzo de 1471) fue rey de Bohemia (1458-1471), caudillo husita y único monarca checo de confesión protestante.
Alberto III Aquiles de Brandenburgo; (9 de noviembre de 1414; 11 de marzo de 1486), comúnmente conocido simplemente como Alberto Aquiles, fue Príncipe elector del Margraviato de Brandenburgo. Recibió el apodo de Aquiles debido a sus cualidades caballerescas. También gobernó el Principado de Ansbach.
Alberto nació en Tangermünde. Fue el tercer hijo del Elector Federico I y de la princesa Isabel de Baviera-Landshut. Tras pasar algún tiempo en la corte del emperador Segismundo, Alberto tomó parte en la guerra contra los husitas, y después se distinguió mientras asistía al rey alemán Alberto II de Habsburgo, en contra del Polonia.
Juan I de Dinamarca (en danés y noruego Hans o Johan, en sueco Johan) (Aalborg, 2 de febrero de 1455 - Aalborg, 20 de febrero de 1513). Rey de Dinamarca (1481-1513), de Noruega (1483-1513), y con el nombre de Juan II, rey de Suecia(1497-1501). Hijo del rey Cristián I y de Dorotea de Brandeburgo.
Cristina de Sajonia (24 de septiembre de 1461 - 8 de diciembre de 1521). Reina de Dinamarca tras su matrimonio con Juan I. Por la herencia de su cónyuge, se convirtió en reina de la Unión de Kalmar, que incluía también a Noruega y Suecia. Era la mayor de los hijos de Ernesto de Sajonia e Isabel de Baviera y hermana de Federico el prudente.
Jacob I of Baden (15 March 1407, Hachberg – 13 October 1453, Mühlburg), was Margrave of Baden-Baden from 1431 to 1453.
He was the elder son of Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden and his second wife Anna of Oettingen. Jacob I was a man of deep religious beliefs, well known as a founder of churches. He founded the monastery at Fremersberg and was a major benefactor of the Stiftskirche at Baden-Baden.
She was the daughter of Duke Charles II of Lorraine and the countess Margaret of the Palatinate.
Ernest the Iron (German: Ernst der Eiserne; 1377 – June 10, 1424) was Duke of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola (collectively Inner Austria) from 1406 until his death. He was a member of the Habsburg dynasty, of the Leopoldian line, whose head of the family he was from 1411 to 1424.
Ernest was born in Bruck an der Mur, Styria, the third son of Leopold III, Duke of Inner Austria.
Cymburgis (also Cimburgis, Zimburgis or Cimburga) of Masovia (Polish: Cymbarka mazowiecka; 1394 or 1397 – September 28, 1429), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch.
She was the second daughter of Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia and Alexandra, a daughter of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and sister of King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland.
Kraft V, count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim
Kraft V, Graf von Hohenlohe-Weikersheim
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Ulrich V of Württemberg called "der Vielgeliebte" (the much loved) (1413 – 1 September 1480, Leonberg), Count of Württemberg. He was the younger son of Count Eberhard IV and Henriette of Mömpelgard.
Margaret of Savoy (7 August 1420 – 30 September 1479), was a daughter of Amadeus VIII of Savoy and Mary of Burgundy. By her three illustrious marriages, she held a number of titles, including Duchess of Anjou, Duchess of Calabria, Countess of Maine,Countess Palatine of the Rhine, and Countess of Württemberg.
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